Indian National Calendar (Śaka) (印度國定曆)

THE INDIAN NATIONAL CALENDAR — the Śaka calendar of the Republic: adopted 22 MARCH 1957 (1 Chaitra 1879 Śaka) on the recommendation of the Calendar Reform Committee under the astrophysicist MEGHNAD SAHA, to give a republic of a dozen regional calendars one rational civil frame — printed in the Gazette of India beside the Gregorian date and read out daily by All India Radio. THE DESIGN, FULLY SERVED: Chaitra opens the year on 22 March (21 March in Gregorian leap years, when it takes a 31st day), then five 31-day months and six 30-day months — the Gregorian leap day absorbed into Chaitra instead of February, so the two calendars never drift; Śaka year = CE − 78. LAWS AT LOAD: the 1957 adoption anchor; the month-sum law; the leap-Chaitra law; and the famous gazette pairing DERIVED rather than recited — REPUBLIC DAY IS 6 MĀGHA, every year, asserted across leap and common years. TWO DISCLOSURES: the committee pinned the months to the TROPICAL year, so this deliberately does not match the sidereal religious panchāng (named, with the panchanga endpoints for that); and the era here is the same Śaka era the BALINESE calendar counts (the nyepi engine) — one epoch, two utterly different calendars, disambiguated. Indian becomes thirty-three. Pure compute, no LLM.

Cost: 1 TIAN Points per call. tRPC procedure sakaNational.day.