---
title: "Historical weather from 1940 (hourly and daily, worldwide)"
method: GET
path: "/api/v2/weather/history"
tags: ["Environment"]
---

# Historical weather from 1940 (hourly and daily, worldwide)

`GET /api/v2/weather/history`

Sugra Weather history for any coordinate or city worldwide, from 1940-01-01 to the recent past: daily aggregates (temperature and feels-like min/max/mean, sunrise/sunset, daylight and sunshine duration, precipitation sums and hours, wind maxima and dominant direction, solar radiation, reference evapotranspiration, WMO weather code) plus full hourly steps for ranges up to a year. Reanalysis-backed for every location on Earth. Units, timezone, and time format are configurable; resolve any city by name with the optional country filter. Ranges up to 10 years per request.

## Query parameters

- `start_date` string, required — Range start, YYYY-MM-DD (1940-01-01 or later).
- `end_date` string, required — Range end, YYYY-MM-DD (inclusive).
- `latitude` number, nullable — Latitude (-90 to 90).
- `longitude` number, nullable — Longitude (-180 to 180).
- `lat` number, nullable — Latitude alias (same as latitude).
- `lon` number, nullable — Longitude alias (same as longitude).
- `city` string, nullable — City name (alternative to lat/lon), resolved globally.
- `country` string, nullable — Country name or ISO-2 code (narrows the city match).
- `temperature_unit` string — Temperature unit: celsius | fahrenheit.
- `wind_speed_unit` string — Wind speed unit: kmh | ms | mph | kn.
- `precipitation_unit` string — Precipitation unit: mm | inch.
- `timezone` string — IANA timezone for timestamps, or 'auto'.
- `timeformat` string — Timestamp format: iso8601 | unixtime.
- `language` string — Locale for the human condition text (13 supported).

## Response `200`

Daily (and hourly for ranges up to a year) archive with units and provenance.

- EnvelopeWeatherHistoryV2
  - `data` WeatherHistoryV2, required
    - `latitude` number, nullable — Grid-cell latitude the response is computed for.
    - `longitude` number, nullable — Grid-cell longitude the response is computed for.
    - `elevation` number, nullable — Grid-cell elevation, metres.
    - `timezone` string, nullable — Response timezone (IANA), resolved when 'auto'.
    - `timezone_abbreviation` string, nullable — Timezone abbreviation.
    - `utc_offset_seconds` integer, nullable — UTC offset of the response timezone, seconds.
    - `resolved_location` ResolvedLocation — What the global geocoder resolved a city query to. Null when lat/lon were given directly.
      - `name` string, nullable — Resolved place name.
      - `latitude` number, nullable — Resolved latitude, decimal degrees.
      - `longitude` number, nullable — Resolved longitude, decimal degrees.
      - `country` string, nullable — Country name.
      - `country_code` string, nullable — ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code.
      - `admin1` string, nullable — First-level administrative division.
      - `timezone` string, nullable — IANA timezone of the resolved place.
      - `population` integer, nullable — Population of the resolved place, when known.
    - `units` ForecastUnits — Unit label for every returned variable, keyed by variable name (echoes the requested unit system).
      - `hourly` object — Units for each hourly variable.
      - `daily` object — Units for each daily variable.
    - `hourly` HistoryHourlyEntry[] — Hourly archive steps. Included only for ranges up to 366 days - longer spans are daily-only (see hourly_note).
      - `time` union — Step time (ISO 8601 local to the response timezone, or epoch seconds).
        - integer
        - string
      - `temperature_2m` number, nullable — 2 m air temperature.
      - `relative_humidity_2m` number, nullable — 2 m relative humidity, percent.
      - `dew_point_2m` number, nullable — 2 m dew point temperature.
      - `apparent_temperature` number, nullable — Feels-like temperature.
      - `precipitation` number, nullable — Total precipitation.
      - `rain` number, nullable — Rain.
      - `showers` number, nullable — Convective showers.
      - `snowfall` number, nullable — Snowfall amount.
      - `snow_depth` number, nullable — Snow depth on the ground, metres (era-dependent).
      - `weather_code` integer, nullable — WMO weather interpretation code (0-99).
      - `pressure_msl` number, nullable — Mean sea-level pressure, hPa.
      - `surface_pressure` number, nullable — Surface pressure, hPa.
      - `cloud_cover` number, nullable — Total cloud cover, percent.
      - `cloud_cover_low` number, nullable — Low-level cloud cover, percent.
      - `cloud_cover_mid` number, nullable — Mid-level cloud cover, percent.
      - `cloud_cover_high` number, nullable — High-level cloud cover, percent.
      - `wind_speed_10m` number, nullable — 10 m wind speed.
      - `wind_direction_10m` number, nullable — 10 m wind direction, degrees.
      - `wind_gusts_10m` number, nullable — 10 m wind gusts.
      - `is_day` integer, nullable — 1 when the step is in daylight, 0 at night.
      - `sunshine_duration` number, nullable — Sunshine duration within the hour, seconds.
      - `shortwave_radiation` number, nullable — Shortwave solar radiation, W/m2.
      - `et0_fao_evapotranspiration` number, nullable — FAO-56 reference evapotranspiration.
      - `condition` string, nullable — Human condition text for weather_code, localized.
      - `condition_icon` string, nullable — Design-system (Lucide) icon key, day/night variant.
    - `hourly_note` string, nullable — Set when hourly was excluded because the range exceeds 366 days.
    - `daily` HistoryDailyEntry[] — Daily archive entries.
      - `date` union — Day (ISO 8601 date local to the response timezone, or epoch seconds).
        - integer
        - string
      - `weather_code` integer, nullable — Most significant WMO weather code of the day.
      - `temperature_2m_max` number, nullable — Daily maximum 2 m temperature.
      - `temperature_2m_min` number, nullable — Daily minimum 2 m temperature.
      - `temperature_2m_mean` number, nullable — Daily mean 2 m temperature.
      - `apparent_temperature_max` number, nullable — Daily maximum feels-like temperature.
      - `apparent_temperature_min` number, nullable — Daily minimum feels-like temperature.
      - `apparent_temperature_mean` number, nullable — Daily mean feels-like temperature.
      - `sunrise` union — Sunrise time.
        - integer
        - string
      - `sunset` union — Sunset time.
        - integer
        - string
      - `daylight_duration` number, nullable — Daylight duration, seconds.
      - `sunshine_duration` number, nullable — Sunshine duration, seconds.
      - `precipitation_sum` number, nullable — Daily precipitation sum.
      - `rain_sum` number, nullable — Daily rain sum.
      - `showers_sum` number, nullable — Daily showers sum.
      - `snowfall_sum` number, nullable — Daily snowfall sum.
      - `precipitation_hours` number, nullable — Hours with precipitation.
      - `wind_speed_10m_max` number, nullable — Daily maximum 10 m wind speed.
      - `wind_gusts_10m_max` number, nullable — Daily maximum 10 m wind gusts.
      - `wind_direction_10m_dominant` number, nullable — Dominant 10 m wind direction, degrees.
      - `shortwave_radiation_sum` number, nullable — Daily shortwave solar radiation sum, MJ/m2.
      - `et0_fao_evapotranspiration` number, nullable — Daily FAO-56 reference evapotranspiration, mm.
      - `condition` string, nullable — Human condition text for the day's weather_code, localized.
      - `condition_icon` string, nullable — Design-system (Lucide) icon key (day variant).
    - `provenance` WeatherV2Provenance — Per-section provenance: which engine produced this data block and under what licence.
      - `source` string, required — Machine source key.
      - `product` string, required — Sugra product surface this block belongs to.
      - `models` string, required — Model selection mode: national high-resolution models blended into a global best match for every coordinate.
      - `licence` string, required — Upstream data licence.
      - `attribution` string, required — Licence-mandated attribution string.
      - `generationtime_ms` number, nullable — Engine generation time for this response, ms.
  - `meta` SugraMeta, required — Metadata on a /api/v1/* response envelope built through `helpers.response.sugra_response`, which is how routes are expected to answer. A route that assembles its own `meta` dict carries only the keys it writes itself, so an optional field below can be absent because this response has nothing to report OR because that route does not build its envelope here - the two are not distinguishable from the outside (API-43).
    - `endpoint` string, required — Requested endpoint path.
    - `data_time` string, required — ISO 8601 timestamp the data on this response is stamped with. It is the source's own timestamp whenever the source supplied one this API could read; when it did not, this field falls back to the value of `response_time` and `data_age_days` is omitted, so the PRESENCE of that field is the signal to read - with the one exception named in its own description, a route that substitutes its own current time for a source timestamp it never received. Usually UTC (`Z`), but a source stating its own numeric offset keeps it (2026-04-16T14:30:00+09:00) rather than being converted a second time. For a source that publishes by period this is the period's START (see `period`) and for one that publishes by calendar day it is that day's midnight - in neither case a moment at which anything was observed or released.
    - `response_time` string, required — ISO 8601 UTC timestamp when this response was produced.
    - `provider` string, required — API name and version.
    - `data_age_days` number, nullable — Age of the data in days at the moment this response was produced, i.e. `response_time` minus `data_time`. Present ONLY when the timestamp this response is stamped with is a clock time that could be read as a real instant. It is ABSENT - never 0 - in every other case. Absent when no readable source timestamp was supplied, because `data_time` then repeats `response_time` and a zero age would assert that the data is current precisely where its true age is unknown. Absent when the source names a calendar day, a month, a quarter or a year (see `period`): the instant is then a boundary this API anchored at midnight, and time since a day or a quarter BEGAN is a different quantity from the age of the data - a daily series is out by up to a day, a quarterly one by up to a quarter. A midnight counts as such a boundary whichever zone it is stated in, and whether the source stated it or this API anchored it. The one case this field cannot see is a route that substitutes its own current time for a source timestamp it never received: the substituted value is a real, readable instant and is indistinguishable from one the source stated, so the age reads as roughly 0. The shared cache-and-fetch helper behind most routes stopped doing that (API-43), but the presence of this field is a statement about the timestamp the response carries, not a guarantee about the route that supplied it. Rounded to 0.001 day (86.4 seconds), so 0.0 is a real measured age anywhere within roughly +/-43 seconds and not a stand-in for unknown; a source stamping an instant in the future reports a negative value (-0.001 or less) rather than being clamped. Sources publish on very different cadences, so a non-zero age is normal, not an error. Preserve absence in client code: a generated client that materialises a missing optional number as its numeric default turns 'age unknown' back into 'age zero', which is the exact confusion this field exists to remove.
    - `source` string, nullable — Identifier of the primary upstream source used for this response.
    - `attribution` string, nullable — Human-readable attribution mandated by an upstream source (e.g. a securities regulator or self-regulatory organization). Present only on responses whose source requires the owner and source to be clearly identified. Do not remove or alter it when using the response.
    - `fallback_used` boolean, nullable — True when the primary source failed and a fallback produced the data.
    - `fallback_chain` string[], nullable — Ordered list of sources attempted, in the order they were tried.
    - `cached` boolean, nullable — True when this response was served from the internal cache.
    - `stale` boolean, nullable — True when the cached response was returned after the upstream rate-limited or errored. Clients can use this to detect degraded data.
    - `period` string, nullable — Unit of observation, when the source publishes by period rather than by instant. `data_time` carries the period's START instant so it stays machine-readable; this field preserves what that instant used to mean, which the conversion would otherwise erase. Present only for such sources, and only when the source hands the API the label itself - a client that converts the period to its start instant before building the envelope loses the label, though not the age exclusion, which is decided by the instant. Note that `data_age_days` is omitted whenever this is present, because an age measured from a period start is not a freshness figure.
    - `notes` string, nullable — Data-quality caveat about THIS response - how old the underlying report is, a chokepoint AIS lower-bound, or that a source-reported `data_time` could not be read and the response time is shown instead. Distinct from `attribution`, which is a licensing obligation. Multiple caveats are joined with ' | '. Present only when there is one.

## Other responses

- `401` — Missing or invalid `x-api-key` header. JSON body with a stable `code` distinguishing `missing_api_key` (no header sent) from `invalid_api_key` (header sent, key not accepted); any other 401 source carries the generic `unauthorized` with its detail as `reason`. Plus `hint`. `plan` is always null on 401 - an unauthenticated request has no plan; quota exhaustion is 429, not 401.
- `422` — Validation Error
- `429` — Daily rate limit exceeded. Check `X-RateLimit-Reset` for the next window.
- `503` — Upstream source is temporarily unavailable. Retry after a short delay.

## Changes

- **2026-09-01** `328d061c12ca` — 3 info
  - added the optional property `meta/data_age_days` to the response with the `200` status
  - added the optional property `meta/notes` to the response with the `200` status
  - added the optional property `meta/period` to the response with the `200` status
- **2026-08-08** `4c4530760ba1` — 12 info
  - added the optional property `code` to the response with the `401` status
  - added the optional property `code` to the response with the `429` status
  - added the optional property `code` to the response with the `503` status
  - added the optional property `hint` to the response with the `401` status
  - …8 more
- **2026-07-26** `7fc920a3005c` — 1 info
  - endpoint added

[Change history](https://skmtc.dev/sugra/apis/sugra-api/changes/api/v2/weather/history/get.md)

---

[API](https://skmtc.dev/sugra/apis/sugra-api.md) · [All operations](https://skmtc.dev/sugra/apis/sugra-api/llms.txt) · [OpenAPI document](https://skmtc-service-production.skmtc.workers.dev/v1/apis/sugra/sugra-api/revisions/85caa556892f/schema)